China's waste incineration energy utilization potential is huge, how to improve the utilization efficiency?
Improving energy efficiency is the key to tackling climate change
At present, the proportion of greenhouse gases in energy use accounted for 73.2% of the total global emissions. From the perspective of the proportion of greenhouse gas emissions in energy use subsectors, the proportion of industrial fields, transportation, and construction industries is relatively high. In the context of tight global energy supply and demand, renewable energy plays an important role, and renewable energy plays an increasingly important role in global electricity supply.
Providing affordable and clean energy is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. From 2010 to 2021, the share of renewable energy in final energy consumption worldwide increased from 16% to 19.44%.
Internationally, many countries have also issued corresponding energy industry support policies. Including the increase of renewable energy development targets, such as the EU in 2021 to 2030 renewable energy share of primary energy target from 32% to 40%, requiring all member states to work hard; China has clearly proposed that by 2030, the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power generation will reach more than 1.2 billion kilowatts. Secondly, it also includes some plans to support or adjust the development of nuclear energy, such as Russia: plans to build 10 large nuclear power units by 2035, to increase the proportion of nuclear power generation to 25%; In terms of accelerating the layout of the hydrogen energy industry, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, South Korea and other countries have issued relevant policy support documents.
In June 2022, China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other departments jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Synergistic Efficiency Reduction of Pollution and Carbon Reduction", which highlights synergistic efficiency and promotes coordinated control of solid waste pollution prevention and control. We will emphasize collaborative innovation in reducing pollution and carbon emissions in industrial parks, upgrade waste incineration facilities, and raise the level of green and low-carbon development. Huang Licheng pointed out that by upgrading waste incineration treatment facilities and improving the level of green and low-carbon development, waste incineration power generation can meet the requirements of energy substitution, energy saving and resource regeneration.
What is the current situation of energy management in the waste incineration power generation industry?
Comparing the energy conversion efficiency of waste incineration power plants and traditional thermal power plants, it can be seen that the whole plant power generation efficiency of waste incineration power plants is currently about 26%, and that of thermal power plants is about 41%. Power supply efficiency, waste incineration power plant about 22%, thermal power plant about 39%, waste incineration power supply efficiency is about 56% of thermal power plant, so its energy efficiency is still very low.
Huang Licheng pointed out that the reasons for the low energy efficiency of waste incineration power generation projects are as follows:
First, the main steam parameters of the waste incineration boiler are low, and the conventional main steam parameters of the waste power generation project are 4.0MPa, 450℃ to 6.4MPa, and 485℃, and the power generation efficiency of the whole plant is about 22.3% to 26%. There are three main constraints: the composition of the waste is complex, and the smoke is corrosive; High cost of anticorrosive materials/processes; Compared with thermal power generation, the scale is small.
Second, compared with Europe, China's waste incineration plants are mostly pure power generation mode, and the heat utilization is insufficient. Huang Licheng said that there is still a big gap in the energy efficiency of domestic waste incineration plants compared with Europe, and there is huge room for improvement. According to research data analysis, the energy efficiency of cogeneration waste incineration plants in Europe is higher than that of pure power generation and pure heating incineration plants, and the average energy efficiency of cogeneration incineration plants in statistics can reach 0.76, while the average energy efficiency of large waste incineration plants in China is about 0.58, and there is huge room for improvement.
How can waste incineration power generation improve energy management efficiency?
Taking a domestic waste incineration power generation project as an example, the power generation efficiency of the whole plant is about 26%, condensate loss accounts for about 48.7%, smoke exhaust loss accounts for about 14.7%, and other losses such as boiler, mechanical uncombustion, chemical uncombustion and heat dissipation loss account for 5.6%. Huang Licheng believes that improving power generation energy efficiency and reducing condensing and smoke loss are the key to improving energy efficiency.
There have been many successful experiences in high-efficiency power plant thermal systems for waste incineration industry in the world.
For example, in terms of improving steam parameters, Naples, Italy, adopts 9MPa/500°C, and the thermal efficiency of the whole plant reaches 30.2%; In terms of reheat circulation system, AEB Amsterdam, the Netherlands, adopts 13MPa/440°C, and uses the saturated steam of the drum to reheat the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam to 330°C, and the thermal efficiency of the whole plant reaches more than 30%. In addition, in the combined heat and power generation and external heat sources of high-efficiency waste power generation process, there are also many attempts and experience accumulation in the world.
Based on this, Huang Licheng introduced that SUS has also actively taken a variety of measures to improve energy efficiency: First, high-parameter reheating has been applied; Second, the flue gas waste heat utilization system is being implemented; The third is to achieve cogeneration to help improve the energy efficiency of the whole plant.
At present, SUS's projects have been spread all over the country. As of June this year, there were about 73 waste incineration power generation projects, with a scale of nearly 110,000 tons/day; Sludge disposal scale exceeded 2,899 tons/day; The scale of kitchen waste disposal exceeds 1460 tons/day; The scale of construction waste disposal exceeds 1000 tons/day.
Representative projects such as the first domestic thousand ton furnace put into operation project Sanhe project, low carbon vein industrial park collaborative disposal project Nanning Shuangding circular Economy Industrial Park, Qingdao West Coast New Area Vein Industrial Park won the Luban Award of China Construction project, Xi 'an Gaoling project, one of the practice bases of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment publicity and Education center. At the same time, SUS Environment is also actively going out. In 2014, SUS established an international business division, focusing on Southeast Asia, going deep into Africa, and laying out South America, Europe and Australia. In 2019, SUS and China Investment Corporation, France National Investment Bank, France Quadran Company signed the "Renewable Energy Development Platform Co-construction Agreement" at the Elysee Palace in Paris, witnessed by the leaders of China and France, locking in the first 2 billion euros of project investment intention. At present, SUS equipment technology has supplied 1,469 waste incineration power plants around the world. Huang Licheng said that SUS Environment hopes to help more developing countries achieve the sustainable development goals of solid waste.
Source: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/IvTAt78m5XU8hsUAJw2gjQ