Analysis on the current situation and countermeasures of landscape waste recycling in Shanghai, China
In November 2022, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued a notice requiring the pilot of urban landscaping waste treatment and resource utilization, striving to use about 2 years to deeply explore methods and measures to improve the level of urban landscaping waste treatment and resource utilization, and establish landscaping waste treatment and resource utilization systems in some cities.
01. Policy on the recycling of garden waste
In 2007, China's former Ministry of Construction issued the "Opinions on Building Energy-saving Urban Landscaping", which clearly proposed to "encourage the treatment of pruned branches through composting, development of biomass fuel, organic nutrient substrate and deep processing, reduce the occupation of landfill capacity, and achieve recycling". In 2010, the Shanghai Municipal Greening and Amenities Administration Bureau issued the "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Recycling of Dead Branches and Fallen Leaves in the City", which included the indicator of "the utilization rate of dead branches and leaves in public green space reaches more than 60%" into the city's "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" greening development plan.
02. Types of garden waste recycling
At present, the recycling methods of garden waste include composting treatment, crushing and covering, biomass fuel, preparation of biochar and wood plastic process. Composting treatment refers to the advantages of crushed garden waste: Composting can be used for soil improvement for aerobic fermentation, in microbial media, mature technology is easy to operate. Under the action of converting organic matter into insufficient: easy to produce peculiar odor and wastewater, humus. Crushing and mulching is to lay garden waste directly or after processing and crushing on the soil surface. Biomass fuel refers to the crushing of garden waste and processing into fuel rods. The wood-plastic process refers to a new type of material formed by combining garden waste with thermoplastic resin and other materials.
03. Overview of garden waste in Shanghai, China
Located in eastern China, Shanghai is divided into 16 districts with a total area of 6340.5 km2. Referring to the "2020 Shanghai Statistical Yearbook", the green area of Shanghai in 2019 was 157 785 hm2, and it is estimated that the amount of garden waste generated in Shanghai in 2019 will be between 83.63~946,700 tons. Shanghai is relatively mature in composting and fermentation technology and application technology of garden waste, but the utilization rate of disposal units is still low.
04. Suggestions for the resource utilization of garden waste
In order to promote the recycling of garden waste and avoid environmental pollution and waste of resources, the following suggestions are put forward: a) formulate incentive and support policies; b) strengthen the coordination and linkage of various departments; c) reasonably plan and set up disposal points; d) strengthen industry supervision and expand publicity.